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Influence of general anesthetic exposure in developing brain on cognition and the underlying mechanisms

by SmartTots | Nov 3, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract With the evolution of medical techniques and technology, an increasing number of infants, neonates, and fetuses are exposed to general anesthesia for clinical diagnostic and therapeutic process. The neurotoxic effects of general anesthetics on developing...

Anesthesia Neurotoxicity in the Developing Brain: Basic Studies Relevant for Neonatal or Perinatal Medicine.

by SmartTots | Nov 3, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Diagnostic and invasive procedures in premature infants may require general anesthesia. General anesthetics interfere with the development of the immature animal brain. Accelerated apoptosis, disturbed synaptogenesis, and cytoarchitecture are among the...

Epigenetic Alterations in Anesthesia-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Developing Brain.

by SmartTots | Nov 3, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Before birth and early in life, the developing brain is particularly sensitive to environmental and pharmacological influences. Increasing experimental evidence suggests that an association exists between exposure to anesthesia during a vulnerable period of...

Human Studies of Anesthesia-Related Neurotoxicity in Children: A Narrative Review of Recent Additions to the Clinical Literature.

by SmartTots | Nov 3, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract In 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration warned that exposure to anesthetic medicines for lengthy periods of time or over multiple surgeries may affect brain development in children aged less than 3 years. Since then, the clinical literature continues to...

Anesthesia Exposure in the Young Child and Long-term Cognition: An Integrated Review.

by SmartTots | Nov 3, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Millions of children every year undergo seemingly safe general anesthetics for surgical procedures and imaging studies. Anesthetic agents have been shown to cause detrimental effects on brain cell survival and cognitive function in animals. As a result, the...
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Recent Posts

  • A Scoping Review of the Mechanisms Underlying Developmental Anesthetic Neurotoxicity
  • 2025 Annual Meeting, presented by the International Anesthesia Research Society (IARS) and the Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists (SOCCA), March 20 – 23, 2025, Honolulu, HI
  • Exposure to Operative Anesthesia in Childhood and Subsequent Neurobehavioral Diagnoses: A Natural Experiment Using Appendectomy
  • Long-term outcomes of early exposure to repeated general anaesthesia in children with cystic fibrosis (CF-GAIN): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled phase 4 trial. Claire Elizabeth Wainwright, et al. June 2024
  • Columbia University Physician Scientist and SmartTots Investigator, Caleb Ing, MD, publishes new findings regarding prenatal exposure to general anesthesia and subsequent risk to the child.

About SmartTots

The SmartTots program is a multi-year collaborative effort designed to increase the safety of anesthetic and sedative drugs for the millions of children who undergo anesthesia and sedation each year.

Contact SmartTots

Phone: 415-296-6905
Fax: 415-296-6901

E-mail: [email protected]

Tax Information

SmartTots is a research initiative of the IARS, a 501 c (3) non-profit organization.

Federal Tax ID 34-0750348

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