Resources

Anesthesia and neurodevelopment after 20 years: where are we now and where to next?
Canadian Journal of Anesthesia December 2022

Association of sedation and anesthesia on cognitive outcomes in very premature infants: a retrospective observational study.
Canadian journal of anaesthesia December 2022

Neonatal ketamine exposure impairs infrapyramidal bundle pruning and causes lasting increase in excitatory synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA3 neurons.
Neurobiology of disease December 2022

Readability, Content, and Quality of Online Patient Education Materials on Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity in the Pediatric Population.
American journal of perinatology December 2022

Spatial and temporal alterations of developing oligodendrocytes induced by repeated sevoflurane exposure in neonatal mice.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications December 2022

Analgesia, Sedation, and Anesthesia for Neonates With Cardiac Disease.
Pediatrics November 2022

Anesthesia and developing brain: What have we learned from recent studies.
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience November 2022

Egr2 contributes to age-dependent vulnerability to sevoflurane-induced cognitive deficits in mice.
Acta pharmacologica Sinica November 2022

Environmental enrichment holds promise as a novel treatment for anesthesia-induced neurocognitive disorders.
Neurotoxicology and teratology November 2022

Justification Of Empiric Methodology to Determine Dexmedetomidine Dose for the TREX Study.
Paediatric anaesthesia November 2022

Ketamine modulates neural stem cell differentiation by regulating TRPC3 expression through the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway.
Neurotoxicology November 2022

Neonatal exposures to sevoflurane in rhesus monkeys alter synaptic ultrastructure in later life.
iScience November 2022

Neonatal Isoflurane Exposure in Rats Impairs Short-Term Memory, Cell Viability, and Glutamate Uptake in Slices of the Frontal Cerebral Cortex, But Not the Hippocampus, in Adulthood.
Neurotoxicity research November 2022

Neurotoxic Impact of Individual Anesthetic Agents on the Developing Brain.
Children (Basel, Switzerland) November 2022

Parvalbumin interneuron loss mediates repeated anesthesia-induced memory deficits in mice.
The Journal of clinical investigation November 2022

Repeated sevoflurane exposures inhibit neurogenesis by inducing the upregulation of glutamate transporter 1 in astrocytes.
The European journal of neuroscience November 2022

Research progress on molecular mechanisms of general anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment in the developing brain.
Frontiers in neurology November 2022

Acutely increased aquaporin-4 exhibits more potent protective effects in the cortex against single and repeated isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in the developing rat brain.
Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods October 2022

Dexmedetomidine Diminishes, but Does Not Prevent Developmental Effects of Sevoflurane in Neonatal Rats.
Anesthesia & Analgesia October 2022

Does a Single Exposure to General Anesthesia Have a Cumulative Effect on the Developing Brain after Mild Perinatal Asphyxia?
Life (Basel, Switzerland) October 2022

Effects of overexpression of Hsp70 in neural stem cells on neurotoxicity and cognitive dysfunction in neonatal mice under sevoflurane exposure.
Experimental Brain Research October 2022

General anesthesia in early childhood and possible association with autism: a population-based matched cohort study.
Minerva Anesthesiologica October 2022

Identification and Validation of Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Sevoflurane-Induced Hippocampal Neurotoxicity.
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity October 2022

Intraoperative Blood Pressure and Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Function in Children Undergoing Ambulatory Surgery.
Anesthesia & Analgesia October 2022

Neurodevelopmental outcomes after prenatal exposure to anaesthesia for maternal surgery: a propensity-score weighted bidirectional cohort study.
Anaesthesia October 2022

Repeated Sevoflurane Exposures in Neonatal Rats Increased the Brain Vulnerability to Future Stress Exposure and Resulted in Fear Extinction Deficit.
Neurotoxicity Research October 2022

Sevoflurane induces microRNA-18a to delay rat neurodevelopment via suppression of the RUNX1/Wnt/β-catenin axis.
Cell death discovery October 2022

The propofol-induced mitochondrial damage in fetal rat hippocampal neurons via the AMPK/P53 signaling pathway.
Annals of Translational Medicine October 2022

Maternal use of acetaminophen during pregnancy and neurobehavioral problems in offspring at 3 years: A prospective cohort study
PLoS ONE September 28, 2022

General anesthesia in children and long-term neurodevelopmental deficits: A systematic review.
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience September 2022

Implication of microglia in ketamine-induced long-term cognitive impairment in murine pups.
Human & Experimental Toxicology September 2022

Isoflurane stress induces region-specific glucocorticoid levels in neonatal mouse brain.
The Journal of Endocrinology September 2022

Mast cell stabilizer disodium cromoglycate improves long-term cognitive impairment after general anesthesia exposure in neonatal mice.
Frontiers in Neuroscience September 2022

Melatonin attenuates spatial learning and memory dysfunction in developing rats by suppressing isoflurane-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress via the SIRT1/Mfn2/PERK signaling pathway.
Heliyon September 2022

Mild hypothermia fails to protect infant macaques from brain injury caused by prolonged exposure to Antiseizure drugs.
Neurobiology of Disease September 2022

PHLDA1 promotes sevoflurane-induced pyroptosis of neuronal cells in developing rats through TRAF6-mediated activation of Rac1.
Neurotoxicology September 2022

Role of GABAA receptor depolarization-mediated VGCC activation in sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in neonatal mice.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience September 2022

S-ketamine administration in pregnant mice induces ADHD- and depression-like behaviors in offspring mice.
Behavioural Brain Research September 2022

Sevoflurane exposure during the second trimester induces neurotoxicity in offspring rats by hyperactivation of PARP-1.
Psychopharmacology September 2022

The impact of early exposure to general anesthesia on visual and neurocognitive development.
Survey of Ophthalmology September 2022

100 Years of Pediatric Anesthesia With Anesthesia & Analgesia: Growing Together.
Anesthesia & Analgesia August 2022

Associations between maternal exposure to surgery or pregnancy exposure to fluorinated anesthetics and children’s cognitive development and educational outcomes.
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease August 2022

Effects of toxic apolipoprotein E fragments on Tau phosphorylation and cognitive impairment in neonatal mice under sevoflurane anesthesia.
Brain and Behavior August 2022

Integrated Excitatory/Inhibitory Imbalance and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Association between Dysregulated Synaptic Genes and Anesthetic-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction.
Cells August 2022

Long-term cognitive and behavioral outcomes following early exposure to general anesthetics.
Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology August 2022

Novel anesthetics in pediatric practice: is it time?
Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology August 2022

Enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis mediated by PGC-1α-activated OXPHOS after neonatal low-dose Propofol exposure.
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience July 2022

Identification of Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala Expressed Genes Associated With Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Non-human Primate.
Frontiers in integrative neuroscience July 2022

Maresin 1 alleviates sevoflurane-induced neuroinflammation in neonatal rats via JAK2/STAT3/IL-6 pathways.
International Immunopharmacology July 2022

MicroRNA-424-5p Alleviates Isoflurane Anesthesia-Induced Neurotoxicity in Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neurons by Targeting FASN.
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine July 2022

Mitochondria-Related Ferroptosis Drives Cognitive Deficits in Neonatal Mice Following Sevoflurane Administration.
Frontiers in Medicine July 2022

Multiple exposures to sevoflurane across postnatal development may cause cognitive deficits in older age.
Pediatric Research July 2022

Anesthetic Exposure During Childhood and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
JAMA Network Open June 2022

Fentanyl induces autism-like behaviours in mice by hypermethylation of the glutamate receptor gene Grin2b.
British Journal of Anaesthesia June 2022

Is There an Association between the Use of Epidural Analgesia during Labor and the Development of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Offspring? A Review of the Literature.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health June 2022

Isoflurane and Sevoflurane Induce Cognitive Impairment in Neonatal Rats by Inhibiting Neural Stem Cell Development Through Microglial Activation, Neuroinflammation, and Suppression of VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway.
Neurotoxicity Research June 2022

miRNA-384-3p alleviates sevoflurane-induced nerve injury by inhibiting Aak1 kinase in neonatal rats.
Brain and Behavior June 2022

Nonhuman Primates and Developmental Anesthesia Neurotoxicity Research: Pitfalls of Surrogate Models and Déformation Professionnelle.
Anesthesia & Analgesia June 2022

Notoginsenoside R1 attenuates sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity
Translational Neuroscience June 2022

PP2A-associated tau hyperphosphorylation was involved in sevoflurane induced neonatal neurotoxicity.
Psychopharmacology June 2022

Prolonged sevoflurane exposure causes abnormal synapse development and dysregulates beta-neurexin and neuroligins in the hippocampus in neonatal rats
Journal of Affective Disorders June 2022

Sevoflurane Exposure in the Developing Brain Induces Hyperactivity, Anxiety-Free, and Enhancement of Memory Consolidation in Mice.
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience June 2022

Systemic inflammation exacerbates developmental neurotoxicity induced by sevoflurane in neonatal rats.
Useinovic et al.
British Journal of Anaesthesia June 2022

Utilization of neonatal sedation and anesthesia: an SPR survey.
Pediatric Radiology June 2022

Anaesthesia-Related Pediatric Neurotoxicity: A Survey Study.
Turkish Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation May 2022

Early Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Following Exposure to General Anesthesia in Infancy: EGAIN, a Prospective Cohort Study.
Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology May 2022

Neonatal Pain, Opioid, and Anesthetic Exposure; What Remains in the Human Brain After the Wheels of Time?
Frontiers in Pediatrics May 2022

Disruption of hippocampal P2RX2/CaMKII/NF-κB signaling contributes to learning and memory impairment in C57BL/6 mice induced by surgery plus anesthesia in neonatal period.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy April 2022

Does Resveratrol Prevent Sevoflurane Toxicity in Newborn Rats?
Journal of Medicinal Food April 2022

Echinacoside alleviates sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction by activating FOXO1-mediated autophagy.
International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience April 2022

LncRNA SNHG12 ameliorates bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity by sponging miR-497-5p to upregulate NLRX1.
Human & Experimental Toxicology April 2022

Neonatal Anesthesia and Oxidative Stress.
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) April 2022

Neonatal Exposure to Propofol Interferes with the Proliferation and Differentiation of Hippocampal Neural Stem Cells and the Neurocognitive Function of Rats in Adulthood via the Akt/p27 Signaling Pathway.
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences April 2022

Nonapoptotic caspases in neural development and in anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity.
Trends in Neurosciences April 2022

Post-operative behavioural disorders in paediatric anaesthesia caused by anaesthetics and sedatives.
Bratislava Medical Journal April 2022

Sevoflurane diminishes neurogenesis and promotes ferroptosis in embryonic prefrontal cortex via inhibiting nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression.
NeuroReport April 2022

Sevoflurane-Induced Apoptosis in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex Follows Similar Characteristics of Physiological Apoptosis.
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience April 2022

Sevoflurane-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Developing Hippocampus via HIPK2/AKT/mTOR Signaling.
Neurotoxicity Research April 2022

The role and mechanism of TLR4-siRNA in the impairment of learning and memory in young mice induced by isoflurane.
Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine: Official Organ Wroclaw Medical University April 2022

The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Neurotoxicity Induced by Neonatal General Anesthesia.
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience April 2022

Anesthetic Neurotoxicity in Children.
Medical Research Archives March 2022

Current status of nitrous oxide use in pediatric patients.
World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics March 2022

Differential epitranscriptome and proteome modulation in the brain of neonatal mice exposed to isoflurane or sevoflurane.
Cell Biology and Toxicology March 2022

Effect of Anesthetics on Functional Connectivity of Developing Brain.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience March 2022

Global Brain Functional Network Connectivity in Infants With Prenatal Opioid Exposure. 
Frontiers in Pediatrics March 2022

Impact of surgery and anesthesia during early brain development: A perfect storm.
Pediatric Anesthesia March 2022

Local Anesthetic Injection Before Incision Decreases General Anesthesia Requirements in Pediatric Trigger Thumb Release: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics March 2022

Undiagnosed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder may be a risk factor for requiring anaesthesia.
British Journal of Anaesthesia March 2022

Application of Nonhuman Primate Models in the Studies of Pediatric Anesthesia Neurotoxicity.
Anesthesia & Analgesia February 2022

General Anesthesia and the Young Brain: The Importance of Novel Strategies with Alternate Mechanisms of Action.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences February 2022

Longitudinal assessment of cognitive function in young children undergoing general anaesthesia.
British Journal of Anaesthesia February 2022

Repeated neonatal exposure to sevoflurane induces age-dependent impairments in cognition and synaptic plasticity in mice.
Developmental Neuroscience February 2022

Sevoflurane induced neurotoxicity in neonatal mice links to a GSK3β/Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and apoptosis.
Free Radical Biology & Medicine February 2022

Sex hormones and the young brain: are we ready to embrace neuroprotective strategies?
British Journal of Anaesthesia February 2022

Synthetic neuroactive steroids as new sedatives and anaesthetics: Back to the future.
Journal of Neuroendocrinology February 2022

Anesthesia and Developing Brains: Unanswered Questions and Proposed Paths Forward.
Anesthesiology January 11, 2022

Anesthesia and neurotoxicity study design, execution, and reporting in the nonhuman primate: A systematic review.
Paediatric Anaesthesia January 2022

Decreased Electroencephalographic Alpha Power During Anesthesia Induction Is Associated With EEG Discontinuity in Human Infant.
Anesthesia & Analgesia January 2022

Do We Have Viable Protective Strategies against Anesthesia-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity?
International Journal of Molecular Sciences January 2022

Does inflammation mediate behavioural alterations in anaesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity?
British Journal of Anaesthesia January 2022

Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor decrease may mediate learning, memory and behavior impairments in rats after neonatal surgery
Brain research bulletin January 2022

Hippocampal SIRT1-Mediated Synaptic Plasticity and Glutamatergic Neuronal Excitability Are Involved in Prolonged Cognitive Dysfunction of Neonatal Rats Exposed to Propofol.
Molecular Neurobiology January 2022

MiRNA-384-5p targets GABRB1 to regulate ketamine-Induced Neurotoxicity in Neurons.
Turkish Neurosurgery January 2022

Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane impairs preference for social novelty in C57BL/6 female mice at early-adulthood.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications January 2022

Propofol induces the apoptosis of neural stem cells via microRNA-9-5p / chemokine CXC receptor 4 signaling pathway.
Bioengineered January 2022

Testosterone: much more for the brain than a sex hormone.
British Journal of Anaesthesia January 2022

Tetraethylammonium chloride reduces anaesthetic-induced neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans and mice.
British Journal of Anaesthesia January 2022

Identification of microRNA/target gene in the dentate gyrus of 7 day old mice following isoflurane exposure.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 2022

Neonatal isoflurane exposure disturbs granule cell migration in the rat dentate gyrus.
Biomedical Research 2022

Prophylactic progesterone prevents adverse behavioural and neurocognitive effects of neonatal anaesthesia exposure in rat.
British journal of anaesthesia December 15, 2021

Neurotoxic effect of nalufin on the histology, ultrastructure, cell cycle and apoptosis of the developing chick embryo and its amelioration by selenium.
Food and Chemical Toxicology December 2021

Repeated exposure to sevoflurane in neonatal rats impairs cognition in adulthood via the PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine December 2021

Testosterone attenuates sevoflurane-induced tau phosphorylation and cognitive impairment in neonatal male mice.
British journal of anaesthesia December 2021

Assessing the Safety of a Novel Neonatal Anesthesia Protocol: A Review of 101 Patients With Early Cleft Lip Repair.
The Journal of craniofacial surgery November-December 2021

LncRNA Riken Attenuated Sevoflurane-Induced Neuroinflammation by Regulating the MicroRNA-101a/MKP-1/JNK Pathway.
Neurotoxicity Research November 26, 2021

Evaluation of neurotoxicity and long-term function and behavior following intrathecal 1 % 2-chloroprocaine in juvenile rats.
Neurotoxicology November 18, 2021

Early Development of the GABAergic System and the Associated Risks of Neonatal Anesthesia.
International journal of molecular sciences November 2021

Epitranscriptomic Analysis of N6-methyladenosine in Infant Rhesus Macaques after Multiple Sevoflurane Anesthesia
Neuroscience November 2021

Moderators of the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and exposure to anaesthesia and surgery in children.
British Journal of Anaesthesia November 2021

Neonatal Isoflurane Does Not Affect Sleep Architecture and Minimally Alters Neuronal Beta Oscillations in Adolescent Rats.
Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience November 2021

Overexpression of miR-133b protects against isoflurane-induced learning and memory impairment.
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine November 2021

Pachypodol protects newborn rats from anaesthesia-induced apoptosis in the developing brain by regulating the JNK/ERK pathway.
International journal of developmental neuroscience: The official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience November 2021

Propofol and Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Early Childhood Do Not Influence Seizure Threshold in Adult Rats.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health November 2021

NPAS4 suppresses propofol-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting autophagy in hippocampal neuronal cells.
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics October 30, 2021

Fetal surgery has no additional effect to general anesthesia on brain development in neonatal rabbits.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM October 24, 2021

Blockade of the NLRP3/caspase-1 axis attenuates ketamine-induced hippocampus pyroptosis and cognitive impairment in neonatal rats.
Journal of Neuroinflammation October 19, 2021

Age-dependent cross frequency coupling features from children to adults during general anesthesia.
Neuroimage October 15, 2021

MiRNA-494-3p Regulates Bupivacaine-Induced Neurotoxicity by the CDK6-PI3K/AKT Signaling.
Neurotoxicity Research October 15, 2021

Neurotoxicity outside the operating room: An evolving challenge for pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists.
Academic Pediatrics October 9, 2021

Association Between Exposure of Children to General Anesthesia and Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders October 7, 2021

Anesthetic Neurotoxicity
Anesthetic Neurotoxicity October 2021

Melatonin pretreatment alleviates the long-term synaptic toxicity and dysmyelination induced by neonatal Sevoflurane exposure via MT1 receptor-mediated Wnt signaling modulation.
Journal of Pineal Research September 29, 2021

Quantitative behavioural phenotyping to investigate anaesthesia induced neurobehavioural impairment.
Scientific Reports September 29, 2021

Early-life midazolam exposure persistently changes chromatin accessibility to impair adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America September 21, 2021

The Role of Klotho Protein Against Sevoflurane-Induced Neuronal Injury.
Neurochemical Research September 8, 2021

Neonatal Anesthesia by Ketamine in Neonatal Rats Inhibits the Proliferation and Differentiation of Hippocampal Neural Stem Cells and Decreases Neurocognitive Function in Adulthood via Inhibition of the Notch1 Signaling Pathway.
Molecular Neurobiology September 3, 2021

Astrogliosis in juvenile non-human primates 2 years after infant anaesthesia exposure.
British Journal of Anaesthesia September 2021

Does Anesthesia and Surgery During Pregnancy Really Affect Learning and Behavior in the Offspring: The Holy Grail in Anesthesiology Research.
Anesthesia & Analgesia September 2021

Exposure to Sevoflurane, But Not Ketamine, During Early-life Brain Development has Long-Lasting Effects on GABA_A Receptor Mediated Inhibitory Neurotransmission.
Neuroscience September 2021

The Role of Pink1-Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway in Propofol-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity.
Neurochemical Research September 2021

Repeated neonatal sevoflurane induced neurocognitive impairment through NF-κB-mediated pyroptosis.
Journal of Neuroinflammation August 21, 2021

Cognitive Dysfunction After Analgesia and Sedation: Out of the Operating Room and Into the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.
Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience August 16, 2021

Dexmedetomidine does not compromise neuronal viability, synaptic connectivity, learning and memory in a rodent model.
Scientific Reports August 9, 2021

The Increased Channel Activity of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors at Extrasynaptic Sites in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex of Neonatal Rats Following Prolonged Ketamine Exposure.
Journal of Pain Research August 8, 2021

Inhibiting PDE7A Enhances the Protective Effects of Neural Stem Cells on Neurodegeneration and Memory Deficits in Sevoflurane-Exposed Mice.
eNeuro July-August 2021

Neuroprotective Effects of Dexmedetomidine on the Ketamine-Induced Disruption of the Proliferation and Differentiation of Developing Neural Stem Cells in the Subventricular Zone.
Frontiers in Pediatrics July 27, 2021

Effects of sevoflurane exposure during different stages of pregnancy on the brain development of rat offspring.
Journal of Anesthesia July 19, 2021

Long-term evidence of neonatal anaesthesia neurotoxicity linked to behavioural phenotypes in monkeys: where do we go from here?
British Journal of Anesthaesia July 13, 2021

Neonatal Anesthesia and dysregulation of the Epigenome. Cabrera, Useinovic, Jevtovic-Todorovic.
Biology of Reproduction July 13, 2021

TRPV1 Antagonist Prevents Neonatal Sevoflurane-Induced Synaptic Abnormality and Cognitive Impairment in Mice Through Regulating the Src/Cofilin Signaling Pathway.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology July 7, 2021

Association Between Behavioral and Learning Outcomes and Single Exposures to Procedures Requiring General Anesthesia Before Age 3: Secondary Analysis of Data From Olmsted County, MN.
Anesthesia & Analgesia July 2021

Mechanisms underlying neonate-specific metabolic effects of volatile anesthetics.
eLife July 2021

Intranasal insulin rescues repeated anesthesia-induced deficits in synaptic plasticity and memory and prevents apoptosis in neonatal mice via mTORC1.
Scientific reports July 2021

Research Progress of Pharmacological Intervention of Sevoflurane-induced Nerve Injury in the Developing Brain.
ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE June 30, 2021

Gut microbiota mediates cognitive impairment in young mice after multiple neonatal exposures to sevoflurane.
Aging June 28, 2021

Neonatal administration of a subanaesthetic dose of JM-1232(-) in mice results in no behavioural deficits in adulthood.
Scientific Reports June 18, 2021

Genistein Attenuates Isoflurane-Induced Neuroinflammation by Inhibiting TLR4-Mediated Microglial-Polarization in vivo and in vitro.
Journal of Inflammation Research June 17, 2021

Repeated Neonatal Isoflurane Exposure is Associated with Higher Susceptibility to Chronic Variable Stress-induced Behavioural and Neuro-inflammatory Alterations.
Neuroscience June 15, 2021

Testosterone is Sufficient to Impart Susceptibility to Isoflurane Neurotoxicity in Female Neonatal Rats.
Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology June 15, 2021

Histone Deacetylase 2-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation is Involved in the Early Isoflurane Exposure-Related Increase in Susceptibility to Anxiety-Like Behaviour Evoked by Chronic Variable Stress in Mice.
Neurochemical Research June 8, 2021

lncRNA Xist regulates sevoflurane-induced social and emotional impairment by modulating miR-98-5p/EDEM1 signaling axis in neonatal mice.
Molecular Therapy – Nucleic Acids June 4, 2021

Parental Decision-Making for Surgery and Anesthesia in Young Children.
Western Journal of Nursing Research June 4, 2021

A decade later, there are still major issues to be addressed in paediatric anaesthesia.
Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology June 2021

Effect of operative trauma and multiple propofol anesthesia on neurodevelopment and cognitive function in developmental rats.
Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Sciences) June 2021

Maternal sevoflurane exposure induces temporary defects in interkinetic nuclear migration of radial glial progenitors in the fetal cerebral cortex through the Notch signalling pathway.
Cell Proliferation June 2021

Evaluation of the Neuroprotective Effect of Pycnogenol in a Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury Model in Newborn Rats.
American Journal of Perinatology May 27, 2021

Recent advances in understanding cognitive and behavioural alterations after early-in-life anaesthesia exposure and new mitigation/alternative strategies in preclinical studies.
Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology May 18, 2021

Why do We Use the Concepts of Adult Anesthesia Pharmacology in Developing Brains? Will It Have an Impact on Outcomes? Challenges in Neuromonitoring and Pharmacology in Pediatric Anesthesia.
J Clin Med May 18, 2021

RIPK1/RIPK3-Mediated Necroptosis is Involved in Sevoflurane-Induced Neonatal Neurotoxicity in the Rat Hippocampus.
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology May 15, 2021

Maternal anesthesia with sevoflurane during the mid-gestation induces social interaction deficits in offspring C57BL/6 mice.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications May 14, 2021

The effect of xenon on fetal neurodevelopment following maternal sevoflurane anesthesia and laparotomy in rabbits.
Neurotoxicology and Teratology May 5, 2021

Accounting for General Anesthesia: A Pre-Op Primer and Post-Op Factor.
Pediatric Annals May 1, 2021

Downregulation of HOTAIR reduces neuronal pyroptosis by targeting miR-455-3p/NLRP1 axis in propofol-treated neurons in vitro.
Neurochemical Research May 2021

Effect of dexmedetomidine on sevoflurane-induced neurodegeneration in neonatal rats.
British Journal of Anaesthesia May 2021

Effects of sevoflurane general anesthesia during early pregnancy on AIM2 expression in the hippocampus and parietal cortex of Sprague-Dawley offspring rats.
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine May 2021

Identifying Clinical Clues in Children With Global Developmental Delay / Intellectual Disability With Abnormal Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
Journal of Child Neurology May 2021

Longitudinal associations between exposure to anesthesia and neurocognitive functioning in pediatric medulloblastoma.
European Journal of Cancer May 2021

Preventing the Long-term Effects of General Anesthesia on the Developing Brain: How Translational Research can Contribute.
Neuroscience May 2021

Sevoflurane impairs m6A-mediated mRNA translation and leads to fine motor and cognitive deficits.
Cell Biology and Toxicology April 29, 2021

The effect of sevoflurane anesthesia for dental procedure on neurocognition in children: a prospective, equivalence, controlled trial.
BMC Pediatrics April 16, 2021

Ferroptosis contributes to isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity and learning and memory impairment.
Cell Death Discovery April 7, 2021

Long Noncoding RNA SPRY4-IT1 Modulates Ketamine-Induced Neurotoxicity in Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neurons through EZH2.
Developmental Neuroscience April 7, 2021

Effects of general anaesthesia during pregnancy on neurocognitive development of the fetus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
British Journal of Anaesthesia April 6, 2021

Intrapartum opioid analgesia and childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants born preterm.
American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM April 5, 2021

Anaesthesia, neural activity, and brain development: interneurones in the spotlight.
British Journal of Anaesthesia April 1, 2021

Ketamine inhibits neuronal differentiation by regulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling
Toxicology in Vitro April 2021

MicroRNA-1297 suppressed the Akt/GSK3 β signaling pathway and stimulated neural apoptosis in an in vivo sevoflurane exposure model
Journal of International Medical Research April 2021

Repeated exposure to propofol in the neonatal period impairs hippocampal synaptic plasticity and the recognition function of rats in adulthood
Brain Research Bulletin April 2021

Surgery requiring general anesthesia in preterm infants is associated with altered brain volumes at term equivalent age and neurodevelopmental impairment.
Pediatric Research April 2021

Anesthetic Exposure in Staged Versus Single-Stage Cleft Lip and Palate Repair: Can We Reduce Risk of Anesthesia-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity?
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery March-April 2021

Edaravone Alleviated Propofol-Induced Neurotoxicity in Developing Hippocampus by mBDNF/TrkB/PI3K Pathway.
Drug Design, Development and Therapy March 30, 2021

Role of sedative-hypnotic agents in neurodegeneration: Effects of midazolam and thiopental on apoptosis and oxidative stress expression in neonatal and adult rat brains.
Turkish Neurosurgery March 29, 2021

Intranasal levosimendan prevents cognitive dysfunction and apoptotic response induced by repeated isoflurane exposure in newborn rats.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Archives of Pharmacology March 27, 2021

Protective Effect of GM1 Attenuates Hippocampus and Cortex Apoptosis After Ketamine Exposure in Neonatal Rat via PI3K/AKT/GSK3β Pathway.
Molecular Neurobiology March 17, 2021

Singular and short-term anesthesia exposure in the developing brain induces persistent neuronal changes consistent with chronic neurodegenerative disease.
Scientific Reports March 11, 2021

Prediction of levobupivacaine concentrations in neonates and infants following neuraxial rescue blocks.
Pediatric Anesthesia March 8, 2021

Anesthesia and the Developing Brain: A Review of Sevoflurane-induced Neurotoxicity in Pediatric Populations.
Clinical Therapeutics March 2, 2021

Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine Attenuate Sevoflurane-Induced Tau Phosphorylation and Cognitive Impairment in Young Mice via α-2 Adrenergic Receptor
Anesthesia & Analgesia March 1, 2021

Further Study Needed of the Impact of Early-Life Surgery With Associated General Anesthesia on the Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
Anesthesia & Analgesia March 2021

Predictors of Anesthetic Exposure in Pediatric MRI.
American Journal of Roentgenology March 2021

Ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in neurodevelopment: A synopsis of main pathways based on recent in vivo experimental findings.
Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology January-March 2021

Behavioural impairments after exposure of neonatal mice to propofol are accompanied by reductions in neuronal activity in cortical circuitry.
British Journal of Anaesthesia February 26, 2021

A synthetic peptide rescues rat cortical neurons from anesthetic-induced cell death, perturbation of growth and synaptic assembly
Scientific Reports February 25, 2021

FOXO3 Regulates Sevoflurane-Induced Neural Stem Cell Differentiation in Fetal Rats
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology February 19, 2021

Developmental exposure to general anaesthesia: missed connections?
British Journal of Anaesthesia February 11, 2021

Changes in Plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Children Receiving Sevoflurane Anesthesia: A Preliminary Randomized Trial.
Journal of Clinical Medicine February 9, 2021

General anaesthesia during infancy reduces white matter micro-organisation in developing rhesus monkeys
British Journal of Anaesthesia February 3, 2021

Regulation of CRMP2 by Cdk5 and GSK-3β participates in sevoflurane-induced dendritic development abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction in developing rats
Toxicology Letters February 3, 2021

Anesthesia, sex and miscarriage history may influence the association between cesarean delivery and autism spectrum disorder.
BMC Pediatrics February 1, 2021

Epidural analgesia, intrapartum hyperthermia, and neonatal brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
British Journal of Anaesthesia February 2021

Expression Signature of lncRNAs and mRNAs in Sevoflurane-Induced Mouse Brain Injury: Implication of Involvement of Wide Molecular Networks and Pathways
International Journal of Molecular Sciences January 30, 2021

Detrimental effects of general anaesthesia on young primates: are we closer to understanding the link?
British Journal of Anaesthesia January 25, 2021

Prenatal Exposure to General Anesthesia and Childhood Behavioral Deficit
Pediatric Anesthesia January 22, 2021

The effects of early anesthesia on neurodevelopment: A systematic review
The Journal of Pediatrics January 19, 2021

The Role of the lncRNA-LRCF in Propofol-Induced Oligodendrocyte Damage in Neonatal Mouse
Neurochemical Research January 7, 2021

Dexmedetomidine attenuates sevoflurane‑induced neurocognitive impairment through α2‑adrenoceptors
Molecular Medicine Reports January 2021

Fundamentals and innovations in regional anaesthesia for infants and children.
Anaesthesia January 2021

General anesthesia activates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response and induces age-dependent, long-lasting changes in mitochondrial function in the developing brain
NeuroToxicology January 2021

The neurotoxic effect of isoflurane on age-defined neurons generated from tertiary dentate matrix in mice.
Brain and Behavior January 2021

Resveratrol ameliorates sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment by activating the SIRT1/NF-κB pathway in neonatal mice
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry December 31, 2020

Hypermethylation of EFEMP1 in the Hippocampus May Be Related to the Deficit in Spatial Memory of Rat Neonates Triggered by Repeated Administration of Propofol.
BioMed Research International December 19, 2020

Emerging Role of Long Noncoding RNAs in Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders and Anesthetic-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity
Anesthesia & Analgesia December 16, 2020

Hypotension and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes among children with multiple exposures to general anesthesia: Subanalysis of the Mayo Anesthesia Safety in Kids (MASK) Study
Paediatric Anaesthesia December 15, 2020

Sevoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis in neonatal mice is prevented with intranasal administration of insulin
American Journal of Translational Research December 15, 2020

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes after Premedication with Atropine/Propofol vs Atropine/Atracurium/Sufentanil for Neonatal Intubation: 2-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Clinical Trial
The Journal of Pediatrics December 8, 2020

Sevoflurane Exposure Induces Neuronal Cell Parthanatos Initiated by DNA Damage in the Developing Brain via an Increase of Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience December 3, 2020

Neonatal exposure to ketamine disrupts developmental synapse unsilencing and predisposes adult mice for stressor-evoked anxiety
Neuropharmacology December 1, 2020

Prenatal sevoflurane exposure: Effects of iron metabolic dysfunction on offspring cognition and potential mechanism
International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience December 1, 2020

Prospectively assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes in studies of anaesthetic neurotoxicity in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
British Journal of Anaesthesia November 27, 2020

Interval-dependent neurotoxicity after multiple ketamine injections in late postnatal mice
Journal of Anesthesia November 24, 2020

Infant isoflurane exposure affects social behaviours, but does not impair specific cognitive domains in juvenile non-human primates
British Journal of Anaesthesia November 13, 2020

The differential effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane on neonatal mice
Scientific Reports November 9, 2020

Early Childhood General Anesthesia and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children Birth Cohort
Anesthesiology November 1, 2020

Anesthesia in Childhood and Neurodevelopmental Outcome: The Ongoing Hunt for a Phenome
Anesthesiology November 2020

Hot Topics in Safety for Pediatric Anesthesia
Children November 2020

Neuroprotection of the Developing Brain by Dexmedetomidine Is Mediated by Attenuating Single Propofol-induced Hippocampal Apoptosis and Synaptic Plasticity Deficits
Experimental Neurobiology October 31, 2020

Behavior and Regional Cortical BOLD Signal Fluctuations Are Altered in Adult Rabbits After Neonatal Volatile Anesthetic Exposure
Frontiers in Neuroscience October 23, 2020

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and educational level in adolescent and adult individuals after anesthesia and abdominal surgery during infancy
PLOS One October 21, 2020

miR-455-3p alleviates propofol-induced neurotoxicity by reducing EphA4 expression in developing neurons
Biomarkers October 18, 2020

An Overview on the Mechanisms of Neuroprotection and Neurotoxicity of Isoflurane and Sevoflurane in Experimental Studies
Brain Research Bulletin October 17, 2020

MicroRNA-204-5p mediates sevoflurane-induced cytotoxicity in HT22 cells by targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Histology & Histopathology October 2, 2020

Androgenic Modulation of the Chloride Transporter NKCC1 Contributes to Age-dependent Isoflurane Neurotoxicity in Male Rats
Anesthesiology October 1, 2020

A Methyltransferase Inhibitor (Decitabine) Alleviates Intergenerational Effects of Paternal Neonatal Exposure to Anesthesia With Sevoflurane
Anesthesia & Analgesia October 2020

Effects of ketamine on neurogenesis, extracellular matrix homeostasis and proliferation in hypoxia-exposed HT22 murine hippocampal neurons.
Biomedical Reports October 2020

Sevoflurane leads to learning and memory dysfunction via breaking the balance of tPA/PAI-1.
Neurochemistry International October 2020

Maternal sevoflurane exposure affects differentiation of hippocampal neural stem cells by regulating miR-410-3p and ATN1
Stem Cell Research & Therapy September 29, 2020

Anesthesia plus surgery in neonatal period impairs preference for social novelty in mice at the juvenile age.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications September 24, 2020

Early childhood general anesthesia exposure associated with later developmental delay: A national population-based cohort study
PLOS One September 24, 2020

Protective role of protocatechuic acid in sevoflurane-induced neuron apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in mice
Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience September 24, 2020

Conditions requiring hospitalisations, more than general anaesthesia itself, are associated with diagnosis of learning disorders in children
Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine September 23, 2020

Effects of early postnatal sevoflurane exposure on oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination in cerebral white matter of the rat
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy September 18, 2020

Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane expands the window of vulnerability to adverse effects of subsequent exposure to sevoflurane and alters hippocampal morphology via decitabine-sensitive mechanisms
Neuroscience Letters September 14, 2020

Sevoflurane Post-Conditioning Ameliorates Neuronal Deficits and Axon Demyelination After Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Brain Injury: Role of Microglia/Macrophage
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology September 2, 2020

Propofol inhibits the expression of Abelson nonreceptor tyrosine kinase without affecting learning or memory function in neonatal rats
Brain and Behavior September 1, 2020

Is Anesthesia Bad for the Brain? Current Knowledge on the Impact of Anesthetics on the Developing Brain.
Anesthesiology Clinics September 2020

Sevoflurane Induces Hippocampal Neuronal Apoptosis by Altering the Level of Neuropeptide Y in Neonatal Rats.
Neurochemical Research September 2020

Tau Contributes to Sevoflurane-induced Neurocognitive Impairment in Neonatal Mice
Anesthesiology September 2020

The protective effect of trilobatin against isoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells involves the Nrf2/ARE pathway
Toxicology September 2020

The Unspoken Question!
Anesthesia & Analgesia September 2020

Yes‑associated protein protects and rescues SH‑SY5Y cells from ketamine‑induced apoptosis
Molecular Medicine Reports September 2020

Propofol Exposure Disturbs the Differentiation of Rodent Neural Stem Cells via an miR-124-3p/Sp1/Cdkn1b Axis
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology August 27, 2020

Dexmedetomidine: What’s New for Pediatrics? A Narrative Review
Journal of Clinical Medicine August 24, 2020

Dusp4 Contributes to Anesthesia Neurotoxicity via Mediated Neural Differentiation in Primates
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology August 19, 2020

Research progress and treatment strategies for anesthetic neurotoxicity.
Brain Research Bulletin August 13, 2020

Anesthesia Exposure during Therapy Predicts Neurocognitive Outcomes in Survivors of Childhood Medulloblastoma
The Journal of Pediatrics August 2020

Sevoflurane Induces Learning and Memory Impairment in Young Mice Through a Reduction in Neuronal Glucose Transporter 3
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology August 2020

Regions of the basal ganglia and primary olfactory system are most sensitive to neurodegeneration after extended sevoflurane anesthesia in the perinatal rat.
Neurotoxicology and Teratology July-August 2020

Association between surgical procedures under general anesthesia in infancy and developmental outcomes at 1 year: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study.
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine July 25, 2020

LncRNA Rik-203 Contributes to Sevoflurane Induced Neurotoxicity?
Frontiers in Medicine (Lausanne) July 22, 2020

Increasing the interval between repeated anesthetic exposures reduces long‐lasting synaptic changes in late post‐natal mice
Journal of Neurochemistry July 8, 2020

Coenzyme Q10 Alleviates sevoflurane‑induced Neuroinflammation by Regulating the Levels of Apolipoprotein E and Phosphorylated Tau Protein in Mouse Hippocampal Neurons
Molecular Medicine Reports July 2020

Maternal Treadmill Exercise Reduces the Neurotoxicity of Prenatal Sevoflurane Exposure in Rats via Activation of p300 Histone Acetyltransferase.
Neurochemical Research July 2020

Neonatal Isoflurane Anesthesia or Disruption of Postsynaptic Density-95 Protein Interactions Change Dendritic Spine Densities and Cognitive Function in Juvenile Mice.
Perioperative Medicine July 2020

Neurotoxicity effects of anesthetic exposure on the developing brain of non-human primates
Medical Hypotheses July 2020

LncRNA LINC00641 Sponges miR-497-5p to Ameliorate Neural Injury Induced by Anesthesia via Up-Regulating BDNF.
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience June 30, 2020

General anesthesia affecting on developing brain: evidence from animal to clinical research.
Journal of Anesthesia June 29, 2020

Autophagic Network Analysis of the Dual Effect of Sevoflurane on Neurons Associated with GABARAPL1 and 2.
BioMed Research International June 26, 2020

Dexmedetomidine in children – when should we be using it?
Anaesthesia June 24, 2020

Neonatal sevoflurane exposure induces impulsive behavioral deficit through disrupting excitatory neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex in mice.
Translational Psychiatry June 20, 2020

An appropriate level of autophagy reduces emulsified isoflurane-induced apoptosis in fetal neural stem cells.
Neural Regeneration Research June 19, 2020

Safety of anesthetic exposure on the developing brain – Do we have the answer yet?
Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology June 15, 2020

Propofol Attenuates Isoflurane-Induced Neurotoxicity and Cognitive Impairment in Fetal and Offspring Mice
Anesthesia & Analgesia June 10, 2020

Use of Dexmedetomidine and Opioids as the Primary Anesthetic in Infants and Young Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Pediatric Anesthesia June 8, 2020

Anesthetic Drugs in Children and Pregnant Women – Implications of the Recent FDA Warning.
Harefuah June 2020

Risk of Attention Deficit Hyper Activity Disorder After Early Exposure to General Anesthesia; A Case Control Study.
Iranian Journal of Pediatrics June 2020

Optimization of Ultrasound Backscatter Spectroscopy to Assess Neurotoxic Effects of Anesthesia in the Newborn Non-human Primate Brain
Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology May 29, 2020

Neonatal Exposure to Anesthesia Leads to Cognitive Deficits in Old Age: Prevention With Intranasal Administration of Insulin in Mice
Neurotoxicity Research May 26, 2020

Neonatal Ketamine Alters High-Frequency Oscillations and Synaptic Plasticity in the Subiculum But Does not Affect Sleep Macrostructure in Adolescent Rats
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience May 26, 2020

Neuroendocrine, epigenetic, and intergenerational effects of general anesthetics
World Journal of Psychiatry May 19, 2020

Upregulation of miR-215 attenuates propofol-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in developing neurons by targeting LATS2.
Molecular Medicine May 6, 2020

Neurotoxicity of Sub-Anesthetic Doses of Sevoflurane and Dexmedetomidine Co-Administration in Neonatal Rats
NeuroToxicology May 5, 2020

Upregulation of miR-496 Rescues Propofol-Induced Neurotoxicity by Targeting Rho Associated Coiled-Coil Containing Protein Kinase 2 (ROCK2) in Prefrontal Cortical Neurons
Current Neurovascular Research May 5, 2020

Acetyl-l-carnitine Does Not Prevent Neurodegeneration in a Rodent Model of Prolonged Neonatal Anesthesia
Neurotoxicology and Teratology May 3, 2020

Standards for Preclinical Research and Publications in Developmental Anaesthetic Neurotoxicity: Expert Opinion Statement From the SmartTots Preclinical Working Group
British Journal of Anaesthesia May 2020