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17β-Estradiol Treatment Attenuates Neurogenesis Damage and Improves Behavior Performance After Ketamine Exposure in Neonatal Rats.

by SmartTots | Sep 15, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Ketamine exposure disturbed normal neurogenesis in the developing brain and resulted in subsequent neurocognitive deficits. 17β-estradiol provides robust neuroprotection in a variety of brain injury models in animals of both sexes and attenuates...

Knockdown of lncRNA MALAT1 alleviates bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity via the miR-101-3p/PDCD4 axis.

by SmartTots | Sep 15, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Aims: Bupivacaine, a common local anesthetic, can cause neurotoxicity and abnormal neuro-disorders. However, the precise underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the function of lncRNA MALAT1 in the...

Defining the Vulnerability Window of Anesthesia-Induced Neuroapoptosis in Developing Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells – A Transgenic Approach Utilizing POMC-EGFP Mice.

by SmartTots | Sep 15, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Exposure to commonly used anesthetics is associated with widespread neuroapoptosis in neonatal animals. Vulnerability of developing hippocampal dentate gyrus granule cells to anesthetic neurotoxicity peaks approximately 2 weeks after cell birth, as measured...

Intranasal Administration of Insulin Reduces Chronic Behavioral Abnormality and Neuronal Apoptosis Induced by General Anesthesia in Neonatal Mice.

by SmartTots | Sep 15, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Children, after multiple exposures to general anesthesia, appear to be at an increased risk of developing learning disabilities. Almost all general anesthetics-including sevoflurane, which is commonly used for children-are potentially neurotoxic to the...

Anesthetics: from modes of action to unconsciousness and neurotoxicity.

by SmartTots | Sep 15, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Modern anesthetic compounds and advanced monitoring tools have revolutionized the field of medicine, allowing for complex surgical procedures to occur safely and effectively. Faster induction times and quicker recovery periods of current anesthetic agents...
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Recent Posts

  • A Scoping Review of the Mechanisms Underlying Developmental Anesthetic Neurotoxicity
  • 2025 Annual Meeting, presented by the International Anesthesia Research Society (IARS) and the Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists (SOCCA), March 20 – 23, 2025, Honolulu, HI
  • Exposure to Operative Anesthesia in Childhood and Subsequent Neurobehavioral Diagnoses: A Natural Experiment Using Appendectomy
  • Long-term outcomes of early exposure to repeated general anaesthesia in children with cystic fibrosis (CF-GAIN): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled phase 4 trial. Claire Elizabeth Wainwright, et al. June 2024
  • Columbia University Physician Scientist and SmartTots Investigator, Caleb Ing, MD, publishes new findings regarding prenatal exposure to general anesthesia and subsequent risk to the child.

About SmartTots

The SmartTots program is a multi-year collaborative effort designed to increase the safety of anesthetic and sedative drugs for the millions of children who undergo anesthesia and sedation each year.

Contact SmartTots

Phone: 415-296-6905
Fax: 415-296-6901

E-mail: [email protected]

Tax Information

SmartTots is a research initiative of the IARS, a 501 c (3) non-profit organization.

Federal Tax ID 34-0750348

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