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Neuroinflammation in the Developing Brain: Risk Factors, Involvement of Microglial Cells, and Implication for Early Anesthesia

by SmartTots | May 4, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Microglia cells, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, are key actors for specific brain functions that are critical for development and health. Microglial reactivity and functions, even when immature, play a major role if the developing...

Assessing Long-term Neurodevelopmental Outcome Following General Anesthesia in Early Childhood: Challenges and Opportunities

by SmartTots | May 4, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Neurodegeneration has been reported in young animals after exposure to all commonly used general anesthetic agents. The brain may be particularly vulnerable to anesthetic toxicity during peak synaptogenesis (in gestation and infancy). Human studies of...

Performance on the Operant Test Battery in young children exposed to procedures requiring general anaesthesia: the MASK study

by SmartTots | May 4, 2019 | Research Articles

Abstract Background It is not known whether the neurotoxicity produced by anaesthetics administered to young animals can also occur in children. Exposure of infant macaques to ketamine impairs performance in selected domains of the Operant Test Battery (OTB), which...
SmartTots Workshop for Preclinical Research in Anesthetic Neurotoxicity

SmartTots Workshop for Preclinical Research in Anesthetic Neurotoxicity

by SmartTots | Apr 9, 2019 | News

Participants of the recent SmartTots Workshop for Preclinical Research in Anesthetic Neurotoxicity. The workshop brought together a diverse, multi-disciplinary group of researchers in an effort to develop a common framework for pre-clinical studies. The overarching...
Visit the SmartTots booth at the Society for Pediatric Sedation in Colorado!

Visit the SmartTots booth at the Society for Pediatric Sedation in Colorado!

by SmartTots | Mar 31, 2019 | Events

May 20–22, 2019 Aurora, Colorado. For more information, click here.
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Recent Posts

  • A Scoping Review of the Mechanisms Underlying Developmental Anesthetic Neurotoxicity
  • 2025 Annual Meeting, presented by the International Anesthesia Research Society (IARS) and the Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists (SOCCA), March 20 – 23, 2025, Honolulu, HI
  • Exposure to Operative Anesthesia in Childhood and Subsequent Neurobehavioral Diagnoses: A Natural Experiment Using Appendectomy
  • Long-term outcomes of early exposure to repeated general anaesthesia in children with cystic fibrosis (CF-GAIN): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled phase 4 trial. Claire Elizabeth Wainwright, et al. June 2024
  • Columbia University Physician Scientist and SmartTots Investigator, Caleb Ing, MD, publishes new findings regarding prenatal exposure to general anesthesia and subsequent risk to the child.

About SmartTots

The SmartTots program is a multi-year collaborative effort designed to increase the safety of anesthetic and sedative drugs for the millions of children who undergo anesthesia and sedation each year.

Contact SmartTots

Phone: 415-296-6905
Fax: 415-296-6901

E-mail: smarttots@iars.org

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SmartTots is a research initiative of the IARS, a 501 c (3) non-profit organization.

Federal Tax ID 34-0750348

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