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Developmental Anesthesia Neurotoxicity: Lessons from the Heart.

by SmartTots | Nov 3, 2023 | Clinical Articles, Research Articles

Despite decades of research, the question of developmental anesthetic neurotoxicity remains unsettled and continues to divide the medical community and beyond.  Additionally, it continues to remain unknown if there is a clinically relevant biologic gradient of...

Anesthesia and Sedation Exposure and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants Undergoing Congenital Cardiac Surgery: a Retrospective Cohort Study.

by SmartTots | Nov 3, 2023 | Clinical Articles, Research Articles

Abstract Background: Children undergoing complex cardiac surgery are exposed to substantial cumulative doses of sedative medications and volatile anesthetics and are more frequently anesthetized with ketamine, compared with healthy children. This study hypothesized...

Editorial: Anesthetic neurotoxicity in developing brains: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets.

by SmartTots | Sep 1, 2023 | Preclinical Articles, Research Articles

The editors highlight eight “intriguing” papers on age-dependent anesthetic effects in the developing brain, their mechanisms, and clinical applications. Important topics include 1) mechanisms underlying anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive impairments in...

Development of a primate model to evaluate the effects of ketamine and surgical stress on the neonatal brain.

by SmartTots | Sep 1, 2023 | Preclinical Articles, Research Articles

Abstract With advances in pediatric and obstetric surgery, pediatric patients are subject to complex procedures under general anesthesia. The effects of anesthetic exposure on the developing brain may be confounded by several factors including pre-existing disorders...

Sevoflurane anaesthesia induces cognitive impairment in young mice through sequential tau phosphorylation.

by SmartTots | Sep 1, 2023 | Preclinical Articles, Research Articles

Abstract Background: The volatile anaesthetic sevoflurane induces time (single or multiple exposures)-dependent effects on tau phosphorylation and cognitive function in young mice. The underlying mechanism for this remains largely undetermined. Methods: Mice received...
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Recent Posts

  • A Scoping Review of the Mechanisms Underlying Developmental Anesthetic Neurotoxicity
  • 2025 Annual Meeting, presented by the International Anesthesia Research Society (IARS) and the Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists (SOCCA), March 20 – 23, 2025, Honolulu, HI
  • Exposure to Operative Anesthesia in Childhood and Subsequent Neurobehavioral Diagnoses: A Natural Experiment Using Appendectomy
  • Long-term outcomes of early exposure to repeated general anaesthesia in children with cystic fibrosis (CF-GAIN): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled phase 4 trial. Claire Elizabeth Wainwright, et al. June 2024
  • Columbia University Physician Scientist and SmartTots Investigator, Caleb Ing, MD, publishes new findings regarding prenatal exposure to general anesthesia and subsequent risk to the child.

About SmartTots

The SmartTots program is a multi-year collaborative effort designed to increase the safety of anesthetic and sedative drugs for the millions of children who undergo anesthesia and sedation each year.

Contact SmartTots

Phone: 415-296-6905
Fax: 415-296-6901

E-mail: [email protected]

Tax Information

SmartTots is a research initiative of the IARS, a 501 c (3) non-profit organization.

Federal Tax ID 34-0750348

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